📌 ºÐ»ç(Participle) ¿Ïº® Á¤¸®
ºÐ»ç(Participle)´Â µ¿»çÀÇ ÇüÅÂÁö¸¸ Çü¿ë»ç ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â ¹®¹ý ¿ä¼ÒÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºÐ»ç´Â Å©°Ô ÇöÀçºÐ»ç(Present Participle) ¿Í °ú°ÅºÐ»ç(Past Participle) ·Î ³ª´µ¸ç, ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¹®Àå¿¡¼ È°¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
1. ºÐ»çÀÇ Á¾·ù
ºÐ»ç´Â Å©°Ô ÇöÀçºÐ»ç¿Í °ú°ÅºÐ»ç·Î ³ª´¹´Ï´Ù.
ÇöÀçºÐ»ç (Present Participle) µ¿»ç + -ing ÁøÇà, ´Éµ¿ÀÇ ÀǹÌ
The running man is fast. (´Þ¸®´Â ³²ÀÚ´Â ºü¸£´Ù.)
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç (Past Participle) µ¿»ç + -ed (ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ µ¿»ç´Â 3´Ü º¯È) ¿Ï·á, ¼öµ¿ÀÇ ÀǹÌ
The broken window needs to be fixed. (±úÁø â¹®Àº ¼ö¸®ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
2. ÇöÀçºÐ»ç (Present Participle)
✅ ÇöÀçºÐ»çÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ
Çü¿ë»ç ¿ªÇÒ (¸í»ç¸¦ ²Ù¹Ò)
ÁøÇàÇü ½ÃÁ¦ (be + ~ing)
ºÐ»ç±¸¹®(Participle Phrases)
¨ç Çü¿ë»ç ¿ªÇÒ - ÇöÀç ÁøÇà ¶Ç´Â ´Éµ¿ÀûÀÎ ÀǹÌ
📌 ÇöÀçºÐ»ç´Â 'ÁøÇà(ongoing)' ¶Ç´Â '´Éµ¿(active)'ÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ °¡Áü.
✔ ÇöÀçºÐ»ç + ¸í»ç (´Éµ¿ÀûÀÎ ÀǹÌ)
The running boy is very fast. (´Þ¸®´Â ¼Ò³âÀº ¸Å¿ì ºü¸£´Ù.)
The crying baby needs attention. (¿ï°í ÀÖ´Â ¾Æ±â´Â °ü½ÉÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.)
The boiling water is very hot. (²ú°í ÀÖ´Â ¹°Àº ¸Å¿ì ¶ß°Ì´Ù.)
✔ ¸í»ç + ÇöÀçºÐ»ç (ÈÄÄ¡¼ö½Ä)
The book lying on the table is mine. (Å×À̺í À§¿¡ ³õ¿© Àִ åÀº ³» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
The students studying in the library are very focused. (µµ¼°ü¿¡¼ °øºÎÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ÇлýµéÀº ÁýÁßÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.)
¨è ÁøÇàÇü ½ÃÁ¦ (be + ~ing)
ÇöÀçºÐ»ç´Â ÁøÇàÇüÀ» ¸¸µé ¶§ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
📌 ÁøÇàÇü ½ÃÁ¦ °ø½Ä ¡æ be + ÇöÀçºÐ»ç(-ing)
✔ ÇöÀç ÁøÇàÇü (Present Continuous)
She is reading a book. (±×³à´Â Ã¥À» Àаí ÀÖ´Ù.)
✔ °ú°Å ÁøÇàÇü (Past Continuous)
They were playing soccer when it started to rain. (ºñ°¡ ³»¸®±â ½ÃÀÛÇßÀ» ¶§ ±×µéÀº Ã౸¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
✔ ¹Ì·¡ ÁøÇàÇü (Future Continuous)
He will be waiting for you at the station. (±×´Â ¿ª¿¡¼ ³Ê¸¦ ±â´Ù¸®°í ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
¨é ºÐ»ç±¸¹® (Participle Phrase)
ÇöÀçºÐ»ç´Â ºÐ»ç±¸¹®À¸·Îµµ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
📌 ÇöÀçºÐ»ç±¸¹® °ø½Ä ¡æ ~ing + ºÎ°¡ Á¤º¸ (¿ø·¡ ¹®Àå¿¡¼ Á¢¼Ó»ç + ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç°¡ Ãà¾àµÈ ÇüÅÂ)
✔ µ¿½Ã ¹ß»ý
She entered the room smiling. (±×³à´Â ¹Ì¼Ò¸¦ ÁöÀ¸¸ç ¹æ¿¡ µé¾î¿Ô´Ù.)
He walked down the street listening to music. (±×´Â À½¾ÇÀ» µéÀ¸¸é¼ ±æÀ» °É¾ú´Ù.)
✔ ÀÌÀ¯(¿øÀÎ)
Feeling sick, he didn¡¯t go to school. (¾ÆÆͱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ±×´Â Çб³¿¡ °¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
Not knowing the answer, I didn¡¯t say anything. (´äÀ» ¸ô¶ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ³ª´Â ¾Æ¹« ¸»µµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
✔ Á¶°Ç
Turning left, you will see the post office. (¿ÞÂÊÀ¸·Î µ¹¸é ¿ìü±¹ÀÌ º¸ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
✔ ¿¬¼ÓµÈ µ¿ÀÛ
He opened the door, holding a cup of coffee. (±×´Â Ä¿ÇǸ¦ µé°í ¹®À» ¿¾ú´Ù.)
3. °ú°ÅºÐ»ç (Past Participle)
✅ °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ
Çü¿ë»ç ¿ªÇÒ (¸í»ç¸¦ ²Ù¹Ò)
¿Ï·áÇü ½ÃÁ¦ (have + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç)
¼öµ¿Å (be + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç)
ºÐ»ç±¸¹®(Participle Phrases)
¨ç Çü¿ë»ç ¿ªÇÒ - ¿Ï·áµÈ »óÅ ¶Ç´Â ¼öµ¿ÀÇ ÀǹÌ
📌 °ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â '¿Ï·á(completed)' ¶Ç´Â '¼öµ¿(passive)'ÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ °¡Áü.
✔ °ú°ÅºÐ»ç + ¸í»ç (¼öµ¿Àû ÀǹÌ)
The broken window needs repair. (±úÁø â¹®Àº ¼ö¸®°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.)
A written report is required. (ÀÛ¼ºµÈ º¸°í¼°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.)
The closed door made no noise. (´ÝÈù ¹®Àº ¾Æ¹« ¼Ò¸®µµ ³ªÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
✔ ¸í»ç + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç (ÈÄÄ¡¼ö½Ä)
The house built last year is very modern. (À۳⿡ Áö¾îÁø ±× ÁýÀº ¸Å¿ì Çö´ëÀûÀÌ´Ù.)
The man injured in the accident was taken to the hospital. (»ç°í·Î ºÎ»ó´çÇÑ ³²ÀÚ´Â º´¿øÀ¸·Î ¿Å°ÜÁ³´Ù.)
¨è ¿Ï·áÇü ½ÃÁ¦ (have + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç)
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¿Ï·á ½ÃÁ¦¸¦ ¸¸µé ¶§ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
📌 ¿Ï·áÇü ½ÃÁ¦ °ø½Ä ¡æ have + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç
✔ ÇöÀç ¿Ï·á (Present Perfect)
I have finished my homework. (³ª´Â ¼÷Á¦¸¦ ³¡³Â´Ù.)
✔ °ú°Å ¿Ï·á (Past Perfect)
She had already left when I arrived. (³»°¡ µµÂøÇßÀ» ¶§ ±×³à´Â ÀÌ¹Ì ¶°³µ´Ù.)
✔ ¹Ì·¡ ¿Ï·á (Future Perfect)
By next year, they will have completed the project. (³»³â±îÁö ±×µéÀº ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¸¦ ¿Ï·áÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
¨é ¼öµ¿Å (be + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç)
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¼öµ¿Å ¹®Àå¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
📌 ¼öµ¿Å °ø½Ä ¡æ be + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç
✔ ÇöÀç ¼öµ¿ÅÂ
The book is written in English. (±× Ã¥Àº ¿µ¾î·Î ¾²¿© ÀÖ´Ù.)
✔ °ú°Å ¼öµ¿ÅÂ
The cake was made by my mom. (±× ÄÉÀÌÅ©´Â ¾ö¸¶°¡ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù.)
✔ ¹Ì·¡ ¼öµ¿ÅÂ
The project will be finished soon. (±× ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â °ð ¿Ï·áµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
¨ê ºÐ»ç±¸¹® (Participle Phrase)
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ºÐ»ç±¸¹®À¸·Îµµ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
📌 °ú°ÅºÐ»ç±¸¹® °ø½Ä ¡æ °ú°ÅºÐ»ç + ºÎ°¡ Á¤º¸ (¿ø·¡ ¹®Àå¿¡¼ Á¢¼Ó»ç + ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç°¡ Ãà¾àµÈ ÇüÅÂ)
✔ ÀÌÀ¯(¿øÀÎ)
Shocked by the news, she couldn¡¯t speak. (±× ¼Ò½Ä¿¡ Ãæ°ÝÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ ±×³à´Â ¸»À» ÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù.)
✔ Á¶°Ç
Given more time, he could have done better. (´õ ¸¹Àº ½Ã°£ÀÌ ÁÖ¾îÁ³´Ù¸é, ±×´Â ´õ ÀßÇßÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
✔ ¿¬¼ÓµÈ µ¿ÀÛ
Left alone, she felt scared. (È¥ÀÚ ³²°ÜÁ®¼ ±×³à´Â ¹«¼¿òÀ» ´À²¼´Ù.)
4. ºÐ»ç Á¤¸®
ºÐ»ç ÇüÅ ÀÇ¹Ì ¿¹¹®
ÇöÀçºÐ»ç µ¿»ç + -ing ÁøÇà, ´Éµ¿ The running boy is fast.
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç µ¿»ç + -ed / ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ ¿Ï·á, ¼öµ¿ The broken window needs fixing.
📌 ºÐ»ç´Â µ¿»ç¸¦ º¯ÇüÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÌÁö¸¸, ÁÖ·Î Çü¿ë»çó·³ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
📌 ÇöÀçºÐ»ç´Â ÁøÇà(´Éµ¿), °ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¿Ï·á(¼öµ¿)ÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ °¡Áü.
✅ 1. ºóÄ Ã¤¿ì±â (Fill in the Blanks)
🔹 ´ÙÀ½ ¹®Àå¿¡¼ ÇöÀçºÐ»ç(-ing) ¶Ç´Â °ú°ÅºÐ»ç(-ed)¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ºóÄÀ» ä¿ì¼¼¿ä.
The ______ (fall) leaves are beautiful in autumn.
A ______ (write) letter was found on the desk.
______ (See) the dog, she smiled.
The bridge ______ (damage) by the storm is being repaired.
The ______ (boil) water is too hot to drink.
The ______ (break) window needs to be fixed.
______ (Hear) the news, he jumped with joy.
The girl ______ (sit) in the corner was reading a book.
The ______ (lose) wallet was returned to its owner.
______ (Not know) what to do, I asked for help.
✅ 2. ¹®Àå °íÄ¡±â (Correct the Sentences)
🔹 ´ÙÀ½ ¹®Àå¿¡¼ À߸øµÈ ºÐ»ç ÇüŸ¦ ã¾Æ ¹Ù¸£°Ô ¼öÁ¤Çϼ¼¿ä.
❌ I saw a cry baby in the supermarket.
✅ ¡æ crying
❌ The car crash into the tree was badly damaged.
✅ ¡æ crashed
❌ He was interest in the story.
✅ ¡æ interested
❌ The excite children couldn¡¯t wait for the trip.
✅ ¡æ excited
❌ The falling tree was cut into pieces last year.
✅ ¡æ fallen
✅ 3. ºÐ»ç±¸¹® º¯È¯ (Change to Participle Phrases)
🔹 ´ÙÀ½ ¹®ÀåÀ» ºÐ»ç±¸¹®(Participle Phrase) À¸·Î º¯È¯Çϼ¼¿ä.
After he finished his work, he went home.
✅ ¡æ Finishing his work, he went home.
Because she was surprised by the news, she couldn¡¯t say anything.
✅ ¡æ Surprised by the news, she couldn¡¯t say anything.
As he didn¡¯t know the answer, he remained silent.
✅ ¡æ Not knowing the answer, he remained silent.
Since the movie was boring, we left early.
✅ ¡æ Being boring, we left early.
Because she felt tired, she took a nap.
✅ ¡æ Feeling tired, she took a nap.
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