1. °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ ±âº» °³³ä
µ¿»çÀÇ ÇüÅ Áß Çϳª·Î, ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î µ¿»ç¿øÇü¿¡ -ed¸¦ ºÙÀ̰ųª ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ ÇüÅ·Πº¯È½ÃÄÑ ¸¸µé¾îÁý´Ï´Ù.
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â µ¿»çÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ ¿Ü¿¡µµ Çü¿ë»ç, ¼öµ¿Å ¹®Àå, ¿Ï·á ½ÃÁ¦ µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿ëµµ·Î »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
±ÔÄ¢µ¿»ç: play ¡æ playedºÒ±ÔÄ¢µ¿»ç: eat ¡æ eaten, go ¡æ gone
2. °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ ¿ë¹ý
2.1 ¼öµ¿ÅÂ(Passive Voice)¿¡¼ÀÇ »ç¿ë
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¼öµ¿Å ¹®Àå¿¡¼ 'be µ¿»ç + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç' ÇüÅ·Π»ç¿ëµÇ¾î, ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ÁÖü°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ´ë»ó¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡À» ¸ÂÃä´Ï´Ù.
ÇüÅÂ: beµ¿»ç + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç
The book was written by the author.
(±× Ã¥Àº ±× ÀÛ°¡¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾²¿©Á³´Ù.)
The windows were cleaned yesterday.
(â¹®µéÀº ¾îÁ¦ û¼ÒµÇ¾ú´Ù.)
2.2 ¿Ï·á½ÃÁ¦ (Perfect Tense)¿¡¼ÀÇ »ç¿ë
ÇöÀç¿Ï·á, °ú°Å¿Ï·á, ¹Ì·¡¿Ï·á ½ÃÁ¦¿¡¼ 'have/has/had + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç' ÇüÅ·Π»ç¿ëµÇ¾î, µ¿ÀÛÀÇ ¿Ï·á³ª °æÇèÀ» ³ªÅ¸³À´Ï´Ù.
ÇüÅÂ: have/has/had + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç
ÇöÀç¿Ï·á have/has + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç
°ú°ÅºÎÅÍ ÇöÀç±îÁö ¿µÇâ ¹Ìħ
°ú°Å¿Ï·á had + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç
°ú°Å ƯÁ¤ ½ÃÁ¡ ÀÌÀü »ç°Ç
¹Ì·¡¿Ï·á will have + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç
¹Ì·¡ ƯÁ¤ ½ÃÁ¡±îÁö ¿Ï·á
ÇöÀç¿Ï·á: I have finished my homework. (³ª´Â ¼÷Á¦¸¦ ³¡³Â´Ù.)
°ú°Å¿Ï·á: She had left before I arrived. (³»°¡ µµÂøÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ±×³à´Â ¶°³µ´Ù.)
¹Ì·¡¿Ï·á: By next week, he will have graduated. (´ÙÀ½ ÁÖ±îÁö ±×´Â Á¹¾÷ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
2.3 Çü¿ë»çÀû ¿ë¹ý
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â Çü¿ë»çó·³ ¸í»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì, °ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ÁÖ·Î ¸í»çÀÇ »óųª ¼ºÁúÀ» ³ªÅ¸³À´Ï´Ù.
excited ½Å³
I'm excited about the trip. (³ª´Â ¿©Çà¿¡ ½Å³µ´Ù.)
bored Áö·çÇÑ
She looks bored. (±×³à´Â Áö·çÇØ º¸ÀδÙ.)
broken ±úÁø
Be careful of the broken glass. (±úÁø À¯¸®¸¦ Á¶½ÉÇØ.)
3. °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ ÇüÅÂ
¡á ±ÔÄ¢ µ¿»çÀÇ °ú°ÅºÐ»ç ¸¸µå´Â ¹ý
ÀϹÝÀû ±ÔÄ¢ µ¿»ç + ed
play ¡æ played, visit ¡æ visited
e·Î ³¡³ª´Â °æ¿ì d Ãß°¡
live ¡æ lived, love ¡æ loved
ÀÚÀ½+y·Î ³¡³ª´Â °æ¿ì y ¡æ ied
study ¡æ studied, carry ¡æ carried
´Ü¸ðÀ½+´ÜÀÚÀ½À¸·Î ³¡³ª´Â °æ¿ì
¸¶Áö¸· ÀÚÀ½ Áߺ¹ + ed
stop ¡æ stopped, plan ¡æ planned
¡á ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ µ¿»çÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä °ú°ÅºÐ»ç ¿¹½Ã
go gone °£, °¡¹ö¸°
see seen º»
break broken ±úÁø
write written ¾²¿©Áø
take taken °¡Á®°£
speak spoken ¸»ÇÑ
4. ´Ù¾çÇÑ °ú°ÅºÐ»ç ¿¹¹®
The cooked meal smells delicious.
(Á¶¸®µÈ À½½ÄÀº ¸ÀÀÖ´Â ³¿»õ°¡ ³´Ù.)
The painted wall looks fresh.
(Ä¥ÇØÁø º®Àº »õ·Î¿ö º¸ÀδÙ.)
She felt surprised by the news.
(±×³à´Â ±× ¼Ò½Ä¿¡ ³î¶ú´Ù.)
He was bored during the lecture.
(±×´Â °ÀÇ Áß¿¡ Áö·çÇØÇß´Ù.)
The stolen car was found by the police.
(µµ³´çÇÑ ÀÚµ¿Â÷´Â °æÂû¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Ù.)
The lost keys were under the couch.
(ÀÒ¾î¹ö¸° ¿¼è´Â ¼ÒÆÄ ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
5. °ú°ÅºÐ»ç¸¦ Ȱ¿ëÇÑ ÁÖ¿ä Ç¥Çö Á¤¸®
have gone to ~·Î °¡¹ö·È´Ù
She has gone to Paris. (±×³à´Â ÆÄ¸®·Î ¶°³µ´Ù.)
be interested in ~¿¡ °ü½É ÀÖ´Ù
He is interested in soccer. (±×´Â Ã౸¿¡ °ü½É ÀÖ´Ù.)
be known for ~·Î À¯¸íÇÏ´Ù
The city is known for its beautiful beaches. (µµ½Ã´Â ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î ÇØº¯À¸·Î À¯¸íÇÏ´Ù.)
6. °ú°ÅºÐ»ç¸¦ ¹è¿ì¸ç ÈçÈ÷ ÇÏ´Â ½Ç¼öµé
¢º °ú°ÅÇü°ú °ú°ÅºÐ»ç¸¦ È¥µ¿Çϱâ
°ú°ÅÇü: ´Ü¼øÈ÷ °ú°Å »ç½Ç¸¸ Ç¥Çö
¿¹: I ate breakfast. (³ª´Â ¾ÆÄ§À» ¸Ô¾ú´Ù.)
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç: ÁÖ·Î ¿Ï·á, ¼öµ¿, Çü¿ë»ç·Î ¾²ÀÓ
¿¹: I have eaten breakfast. (³ª´Â ¾ÆÄ§À» ¸Ô¾ú´Ù – Áö±Ý±îÁö ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Ìħ.)
¢º ¼öµ¿Å¿¡¼ beµ¿»ç »ý·«Çϱâ
Ʋ¸° ¿¹: The house built in 1900.
¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ ¿¹: The house was built in 1900.
¿¬½À¹®Á¦
´ÙÀ½ ¹®ÀåÀ» °ú°ÅºÐ»ç¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ÇüÅ·Π°íÃĺ¸¼¼¿ä.
She (write) a letter. ¡æ She has written a letter.
The cookies (bake) by my mom. ¡æ The cookies were baked by my mom.
I (excite) about the movie. ¡æ I am excited about the movie.
ÄûÁî·Î ¸¶¹«¸®
´ÙÀ½ °ýÈ£ ¾È¿¡ ¾Ë¸ÂÀº °ú°ÅºÐ»ç¸¦ ³Ö¾î ¹®ÀåÀ» ¿Ï¼ºÇϼ¼¿ä.
The door is ( ). [close]
I¡¯ve ( ) all my money. [spend]
He was ( ) by the news. [surprise]
Á¤´ä:
closed
spent
surprised