Although, Though, Even though, In spite of, Despite
¸ðµÎ "ÇÏÁö¸¸", "±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí", "ºñ·Ï ~ÀÏÁö¶óµµ"¶ó´Â Àǹ̸¦ °®°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¹®Àå ³»¿¡¼ÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ̳ª ´µ¾Ó½º¿¡¼ Á¶±Ý¾¿ Â÷À̰¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁÒ.
¿À´ÃÀº ÀÌ Ç¥ÇöµéÀ» Çϳª¾¿ ÆÄÇìÄ¡¸é¼, ¾î¶»°Ô ´Ù¸£°í ¾î¶»°Ô ½á¾ß ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î ¹®ÀåÀÌ µÇ´ÂÁö Á¤¸®ÇØ µå¸±°Ô¿ä.
1. Although / Though
°øÅëÁ¡:
Á¢¼Ó»ç(conjunction)·Î ¾²À̸ç, µÚ¿¡´Â ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ¹®ÀåÀÌ ¿É´Ï´Ù.
ÀǹÌ: "ºñ·Ï ~ÀÏÁö¶óµµ", "ÇÏÁö¸¸" µîÀ¸·Î ÇØ¼®µË´Ï´Ù.
¹®Àå ¾ÕÀ̳ª Áß°£¿¡ ¸ðµÎ ¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Â÷ÀÌÁ¡:
Though´Â Á» ´õ ±¸¾îüÀûÀÎ ´À³¦ÀÌ °Çϸç, ȸȿ¡¼ ÀÚÁÖ ¾²ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Although´Â Á¶±Ý ´õ °Ý½Ä ÀÖ´Â ¹®ÀåÀ̳ª ±Û¾²±â¿¡¼ ¼±È£µË´Ï´Ù.
Although he was tired, he kept working.
¡æ ±×´Â ÇǰïÇßÁö¸¸ °è¼Ó ÀÏÇß´Ù.
He kept working although he was tired.
¡æ ±×´Â ÇǰïÇßÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í °è¼Ó ÀÏÇß´Ù.
Though it was raining, they went hiking.
¡æ ºñ°¡ ¿ÔÁö¸¸ ±×µéÀº µî»êÀ» °¬´Ù.
I liked the movie. Though it was a bit long.
¡æ ±× ¿µÈ°¡ Á» ±æ±ä ÇßÁö¸¸, ³ª´Â ¸¶À½¿¡ µé¾ú´Ù.
(ȸȿ¡¼´Â ÀÌ·± ¹®Àåµµ ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°Ô ¾²ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.)
2. Even though
Ư¡:
Although/Thoughº¸´Ù °Á¶ÀÇ Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Áï, "ÁøÂ¥·Î~ÀÓ¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí"¶ó´Â °ÇÑ ¿ª¼³À» Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
¿ª½Ã Á¢¼Ó»ç·Î ¾²À̸ç, ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ¹®ÀåÀÌ µû¶ó¿É´Ï´Ù.
Even though she studied hard, she failed the test.
¡æ ±×³à´Â Á¤¸» ¿½ÉÈ÷ °øºÎÇߴµ¥µµ ½ÃÇè¿¡ ¶³¾îÁ³´Ù.
I went to the concert even though I was sick.
¡æ ¾ÆÆÍÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ³ª´Â ÄܼƮ¿¡ °¬´Ù.
🟡 TIP: ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¹®ÀåÀÌÁö¸¸ °Á¶ Â÷À̰¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Although she studied hard, she failed the test.
Even though she studied hard, she failed the test.
¡æ µÑ ´Ù ¸ÂÁö¸¸, even though°¡ ´õ °¨Á¤ÀûÀÌ°í °ÇÑ ´À³¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
3. In spite of / Despite
°øÅëÁ¡:
ÀÌ µÑÀº ÀüÄ¡»ç±¸(prepositional phrase)·Î ¾²À̸ç, µÚ¿¡´Â ¸í»ç/µ¿¸í»ç°¡ ¿É´Ï´Ù.
Àǹ̴ "ºñ·Ï ~¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí", "±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí"¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¼·Î ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¹Ù²ã ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Å« ÀÇ¹Ì Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
Â÷ÀÌÁ¡:
Despite´Â Á¶±Ý ´õ °Ý½Ä ÀÖ°í °£°áÇÑ ´À³¦.
In spite of´Â Á» ´õ ±¸¾îÀûÀÌ°í ¾à°£ ´õ ¹«°Ì°Ô µé¸± ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Despite the rain, we went for a walk.
¡æ ºñ°¡ ¿ÔÁö¸¸ ¿ì¸®´Â »êÃ¥À» °¬´Ù.
In spite of the pain, he kept running.
¡æ ÅëÁõ¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ±×´Â °è¼Ó ´Þ·È´Ù.
Despite being tired, she finished her work.
¡æ ÇǰïÇßÀ½¿¡µµ ±×³à´Â ÀÏÀ» ¸¶ÃÆ´Ù.
In spite of studying hard, he didn¡¯t pass the exam.
¡æ ¿½ÉÈ÷ °øºÎÇßÁö¸¸ ±×´Â ½ÃÇè¿¡ ¶³¾îÁ³´Ù.
4. È¥¿ë ÇÇÇϱâ! ÀÚÁÖ ÇÏ´Â ½Ç¼ö
À߸øµÈ ¿¹:
❌ Although of his effort, he failed.
¡æ Á¢¼Ó»çÀÎ although µÚ¿¡´Â ¸í»ç°¡ ¿À¸é ¾È µË´Ï´Ù.
❌ Despite he tried hard, he failed.
¡æ despite´Â ÀüÄ¡»çÀ̹ǷÎ, ¹®Àå(ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç)ÀÌ ¿Ã ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ ¿¹:
Although he made an effort, he failed.
Despite his effort, he failed.
5. Ç¥ÇöÀ» ¹Ù²Ù´Â ½ÇÀü ÆÁ
¿µ¾î ÀÛ¹®À̳ª ¸»Çϱ⸦ ÇÒ ¶§ °°Àº ±¸Á¶¸¸ ¹Ýº¹Çϸé Áö·çÇØÁú ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¿ä. ºñ½ÁÇÑ ÀǹÌÁö¸¸ ÇüŰ¡ ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌ Ç¥ÇöµéÀ» ±³Â÷ »ç¿ëÇϸé ÈξÀ ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°í dzºÎÇÑ ¿µ¾î¸¦ ±¸»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¿¹¸¦ µé¾î:
"I was tired, but I kept studying."
¡æ ³Ê¹« ´Ü¼øÇÏÁÒ?
´Ù¾çÇÏ°Ô ¹Ù²ãº¸¸é:
"Although I was tired, I kept studying."
"Despite being tired, I kept studying."
"Even though I was tired, I kept studying."
ÀÌ·¸°Ô °°Àº ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ±¸Á¶·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¿µ¾î ½Ç·ÂÀÌ ÇÑ ´Ü°è ¾÷±×·¹À̵åµË´Ï´Ù!
6. ¿¹¹®
Although ¿¹¹® (Á¢¼Ó»ç: µÚ¿¡ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ¹®Àå)
Although it was late, they continued the meeting.
¡æ ´Ê¾úÁö¸¸ ±×µéÀº ȸÀǸ¦ °è¼ÓÇß´Ù.
Although she had no experience, she got the job.
¡æ ±×³à´Â °æ·ÂÀÌ ¾ø¾úÁö¸¸ ÃëÁ÷Çß´Ù.
Although I don¡¯t agree, I understand your point.
¡æ ³ª´Â µ¿ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸ ³× ÀÔÀåÀº ÀÌÇØÇØ.
Although he apologized, she didn¡¯t forgive him.
¡æ ±×°¡ »ç°úÇßÁö¸¸ ±×³à´Â ¿ë¼ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
Although the weather was bad, the game went on.
¡æ ³¯¾¾°¡ ³ª»¦Áö¸¸ °æ±â´Â °è¼ÓµÇ¾ú´Ù.
Though ¿¹¹® (Á¢¼Ó»ç: although¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÏÁö¸¸ ´õ ±¸¾îüÀû)
Though it was expensive, I bought it anyway.
¡æ ºñ½ÕÁö¸¸ ¾î·µç »ò´Ù.
Though he¡¯s young, he¡¯s very wise.
¡æ ±×´Â ¾î¸®Áö¸¸ ¸Å¿ì Çö¸íÇÏ´Ù.
It was a good meal, though the dessert was too sweet.
¡æ ½Ä»ç´Â ÁÁ¾ÒÁö¸¸ µðÀúÆ®´Â ³Ê¹« ´Þ¾Ò´Ù.
He passed the exam, though he didn¡¯t study much.
¡æ ±×´Â °øºÎ¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ ¾È ÇßÁö¸¸ ½ÃÇè¿¡ ÇÕ°ÝÇß´Ù.
I like him. I do wish he were more punctual, though.
¡æ ³ª´Â ±×°¡ ÁÁ¾Æ. ´Ù¸¸ ½Ã°£À» Á» ´õ Àß ÁöÄ×À¸¸é ÇØ.
Even though ¿¹¹® (°ÇÑ ¿ª¼³ °Á¶)
Even though he was sick, he went to work.
¡æ ±×´Â ¾ÆÆÍÁö¸¸ Ãâ±ÙÇß´Ù.
Even though I warned her, she made the same mistake.
¡æ ³»°¡ °æ°íÇߴµ¥µµ ±×³à´Â ¶È°°Àº ½Ç¼ö¸¦ Çß´Ù.
Even though it¡¯s risky, they¡¯re going ahead with the plan.
¡æ À§ÇèÇÔ¿¡µµ ±×µéÀº °èȹÀ» °ÇàÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
Even though she was tired, she stayed up all night.
¡æ ÇǰïÇßÁö¸¸ ¹ãÀ» »õ¿ü´Ù.
Even though we disagreed, we remained friends.
¡æ ¿ì¸®´Â ÀǰßÀÌ ´Þ¶úÁö¸¸ Ä£±¸·Î ³²¾Ò´Ù.
In spite of ¿¹¹® (ÀüÄ¡»ç: µÚ¿¡ ¸í»ç/µ¿¸í»ç)
In spite of the rain, they went camping.
¡æ ºñ°¡ ¿ÔÁö¸¸ ±×µéÀº Ä·ÇÎÀ» °¬´Ù.
In spite of his efforts, he didn¡¯t succeed.
¡æ ±×ÀÇ ³ë·Â¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ±×´Â ¼º°øÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù.
In spite of being busy, she helped me.
¡æ ¹Ù»¦À½¿¡µµ ±×³à´Â ³ª¸¦ µµ¿Ô´Ù.
In spite of his injury, he finished the race.
¡æ ºÎ»ó¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ±×´Â °æ±â¸¦ ¿ÏÁÖÇß´Ù.
In spite of the traffic, we arrived on time.
¡æ ±³Åë üÁõ¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¿ì¸®´Â Á¦½Ã°£¿¡ µµÂøÇß´Ù.
Despite ¿¹¹® (ÀüÄ¡»ç: in spite ofº¸´Ù ¾à°£ ´õ °Ý½Ä Àִ ǥÇö)
Despite the cold weather, we had a great time.
¡æ Ãß¿î ³¯¾¾¿¡µµ ¿ì¸®´Â Áñ°Å¿î ½Ã°£À» º¸³Â´Ù.
Despite her fear, she spoke confidently.
¡æ µÎ·Á¿ò¿¡µµ ±×³à´Â ÀڽŠÀÖ°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù.
Despite trying hard, he didn¡¯t make the team.
¡æ ¿½ÉÈ÷ ³ë·ÂÇßÁö¸¸ ±×´Â ÆÀ¿¡ µéÁö ¸øÇß´Ù.
Despite his age, he¡¯s very active.
¡æ ³ªÀÌ¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ±×´Â ¸Å¿ì Ȱµ¿ÀûÀÌ´Ù.
Despite the noise, I managed to concentrate.
¡æ ¼ÒÀ½¿¡µµ ³ª´Â ÁýÁßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
7. ¹®Á¦
1. ºóÄ Ã¤¿ì±â (±âÃÊ ¿¬½À)
°ýÈ£ ¾È¿¡¼ °¡Àå ¾Ë¸ÂÀº Ç¥ÇöÀ» °í¸£¼¼¿ä.
Q1. ______ he was nervous, he gave a great presentation.
(a) In spite of
(b) Though
(c) Despite
Á¤´ä: (b) Though
ÇØ¼®: ±×´Â ±äÀåÇßÁö¸¸ ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¹ßÇ¥¸¦ Çß´Ù.
Q2. ______ being rich, he lives a simple life.
(a) Although
(b) Even though
(c) Despite
Á¤´ä: (c) Despite
ÇØ¼®: ºÎÀÚÀÓ¿¡µµ ±×´Â °Ë¼ÒÇÏ°Ô »ê´Ù.
Q3. ______ the noise, I was able to focus.
(a) In spite of
(b) Although
(c) Though
Á¤´ä: (a) In spite of
ÇØ¼®: ¼ÒÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ³ª´Â ÁýÁßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
Q4. ______ she was late, the teacher didn¡¯t get angry.
(a) Though
(b) In spite of
(c) Despite of
Á¤´ä: (a) Though
ÇØ¼®: ±×³à´Â ´Ê¾úÁö¸¸ ¼±»ý´ÔÀº ȳ»Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¼Ì´Ù.
(c)´Â Ʋ¸° Ç¥ÇöÀÔ´Ï´Ù — "despite of"´Â ¹®¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î Ʋ¸³´Ï´Ù.
2. ¿µÀÛ ¿¬½À (ÀÀ¿ë)
´Ù¾çÇÑ Ç¥ÇöÀ» ½á º¸¼¼¿ä.
Q1. ±×´Â µ·ÀÌ ¸¹Áö¸¸ ÇູÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù.
¿¹½Ã´ä¾È: Although he has a lot of money, he isn't happy.
¶Ç´Â: In spite of his wealth, he isn¡¯t happy.
Q2. ¾ÆÆÍÁö¸¸ ±×³à´Â ½ÃÇèÀ» ºÃ´Ù.
¿¹½Ã´ä¾È: Even though she was sick, she took the exam.
¶Ç´Â: Despite being sick, she took the exam.
Q3. ºñ°¡ ¿ÔÁö¸¸ ¿ì¸®´Â ¼ÒdzÀ» °¬´Ù.
¿¹½Ã´ä¾È: Though it rained, we went on a picnic.
¶Ç´Â: In spite of the rain, we went on a picnic.