during, for, while
¡Ú 1. during
¢¹Ç°»ç: ÀüÄ¡»ç (preposition)
duringÀº ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ±â°£, ½Ã°£, »ç°ÇÀÇ Áß°£¿¡ ¾î¶² ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾÀ» ¶§ »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¢¹ µÚ¿¡´Â ¸í»ç°¡ ¿É´Ï´Ù.
¢¹ ÀǹÌ: ¡°~ µ¿¾È¿¡, ~ ÇÏ´Â Áß¿¡¡±
I fell asleep during the movie.
(³ª´Â ¿µÈ µµÁß¿¡ Àáµé¾ú´Ù.)
He called me during the meeting.
(±×´Â ȸÀÇ Áß¿¡ ³ª¿¡°Ô ÀüÈÇß´Ù.)
We heard a loud noise during the night.
(¿ì¸®´Â ¹ã Áß¿¡ Å« ¼Ò¸®¸¦ µé¾ú´Ù.)
¢¹ ÇÙ½É Æ÷ÀÎÆ®:
duringÀº µ¿»ç°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ¸í»ç¿Í ÇÔ²² ½á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
½Ã°£ÀÇ È帧ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ƯÁ¤ ½Ã°£ ³»¿¡ ¾î¶² ÀÏÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÀ½À» °Á¶.
¡Ú 2. for
¢¹ ǰ»ç: ÀüÄ¡»ç (preposition)
for´Â ¾î¶² ÇàÀ§³ª »óŰ¡ Áö¼ÓµÈ ½Ã°£ÀÇ ±æÀ̸¦ ¸»ÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¢¹ µÚ¿¡´Â ±â°£À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¸í»ç°¡ ¿É´Ï´Ù.
¢¹ ÀǹÌ: ¡°~ µ¿¾È (Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ½Ã°£)¡±
I stayed in Paris for two weeks.
(³ª´Â ÆÄ¸®¿¡ 2ÁÖ µ¿¾È ¸Ó¹°·¶´Ù.)
She has lived in New York for ten years.
(±×³à´Â ´º¿å¿¡ 10³â µ¿¾È »ì¾Æ¿Ô´Ù.)
We waited for an hour.
(¿ì¸®´Â ÇÑ ½Ã°£ µ¿¾È ±â´Ù·È´Ù.)
¢¹ ÇÙ½É Æ÷ÀÎÆ®:
for + ½Ã°£ÀÇ ±æÀÌ: ±â°£ÀÇ Àüü Áö¼Ó ½Ã°£¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡À» µÒ.
ƯÁ¤ ½ÃÁ¡ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ±â°£ÀÇ Àüü ÆøÀ» ¸»ÇÔ.
¡Ú 3. while
¢¹ ǰ»ç: Á¢¼Ó»ç (conjunction)
whileÀº µÎ °³ÀÇ ¹®ÀåÀ» ¿¬°áÇÏ¿©, ÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾÀ½À» ³ªÅ¸³À´Ï´Ù.
¢¹ µÚ¿¡´Â ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç ±¸Á¶ÀÇ Àý(clause)ÀÌ ¿É´Ï´Ù.
¢¹ ÀǹÌ: ¡°~ ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡, ~ ÇÏ´Â Áß¿¡¡±
I was watching TV while he was cooking.
(³ª´Â TV¸¦ º¸´Â ÁßÀ̾ú°í, ±×´Â ¿ä¸®¸¦ Çϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
She listened to music while studying.
(±×³à´Â °øºÎ ÇÏ¸é¼ À½¾ÇÀ» µé¾ú´Ù.)
While I was sleeping, someone knocked on the door.
(³»°¡ ÀÚ°í ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ´©±º°¡ ¹®À» µÎµå·È´Ù.)
¢¹ ÇÙ½É Æ÷ÀÎÆ®:
whileÀº µÎ µ¿ÀÛÀÌ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÀϾ´Â °ÍÀ» ³ªÅ¸³¿.
Àý(ÁÖ¾î+µ¿»ç)À» ¿¬°áÇÏ´Â Á¢¼Ó»çÀ̹ǷΠ¹®Àå µÎ °³¸¦ À̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
»ç¿ë ¿¹¹® ºñ±³
°°Àº ÀÇ¹Ì¶óµµ ÇüÅ¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£°Ô ½á¾ß ÇÔ!
(O) I read a book during the flight.
(X) I read a book during flying. ¡ç Ʋ¸² (flyingÀº ¸í»çó·³ º¸¿©µµ ÀûÀýÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½)
(O) I read a book for three hours.
(X) I read a book during three hours. ¡ç Ʋ¸² ("three hours"´Â ¸í»çÁö¸¸ »ç°ÇÀÌ ¾Æ´Ô)
(O) I read a book while I was on the plane.
(X) I read a book while the flight. ¡ç Ʋ¸² ("the flight"´Â ÁÖ¾î+µ¿»ç°¡ ¾Æ´Ô)
¿µ¾î ¹®Àå ¸¸µé±â ÆÁ
ƯÁ¤ »ç°Ç Áß¿¡ during
I got sick during the trip.
½Ã°£ÀÇ ±æÀÌ °Á¶ for
He studied for 5 hours.
µÎ »ç°ÇÀÌ µ¿½Ã¿¡ while
She cooked while I cleaned.
¿¬½À ¹®Á¦ (Á÷Á¢ Ç®¾îº¸¼¼¿ä!)
I was really tired _____ the exam.
She stayed in Italy _____ a month.
He was singing _____ he took a shower.
They laughed _____ the movie.
I didn¡¯t sleep well _____ the night.
¿¬½À ¹®Á¦ Á¤´ä ¹× ÇØ¼³
1. I was really tired _____ the exam.
Á¤´ä: during
ÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀº "½ÃÇè Áß¿¡ Á¤¸» ÇǰïÇß´Ù"´Â ¶æÀ̹ǷÎ, ƯÁ¤ »ç°ÇÀÎ "the exam"°ú ÇÔ²² ¾²ÀÌ´Â ÀüÄ¡»ç duringÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
❌ "for the exam" ¡æ ½ÃÇèÀ» À§ÇÑ °Íó·³ µé¸² (¸ñÀûÀ» ¸»ÇÔ)
❌ "while the exam" ¡æ µÚ¿¡ ÁÖ¾î+µ¿»ç°¡ ¾øÀ½ (¹®¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î ºÒ¿ÏÀü)
¹Ù¸¥ ¹®Àå: I was really tired during the exam.
2. She stayed in Italy _____ a month.
Á¤´ä: for
ÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀº "±×³à´Â ÇÑ ´Þ µ¿¾È ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ¿¡ ¸Ó¹°·¶´Ù"´Â ¶æÀ¸·Î, ½Ã°£ÀÇ ±æÀ̸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â Ç¥ÇöÀ̹ǷΠfor°¡ ¾Ë¸Â½À´Ï´Ù.
❌ "during a month" ¡æ ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î ¿µ¾î Ç¥Çö ¾Æ´Ô (duringÀº »ç°Ç°ú ÇÔ²² ¾¸)
❌ "while a month" ¡æ while µÚ¿¡´Â ÁÖ¾î+µ¿»ç ÀýÀÌ ¿Í¾ß ÇÔ
¹Ù¸¥ ¹®Àå: She stayed in Italy for a month.
3. He was singing _____ he took a shower.
Á¤´ä: while
"±×°¡ »þ¿ö¸¦ ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È ³ë·¡¸¦ ºÒ·¶´Ù"´Â µÎ µ¿ÀÛÀÌ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÀÏ¾î³ »óȲÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À̶§´Â ¹®Àå(Àý)À» ¿¬°áÇØÁÖ´Â Á¢¼Ó»ç whileÀ» »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
❌ "during he took a shower" ¡æ duringÀº Àý°ú ÇÔ²² ¾²Áö ¾ÊÀ½
❌ "for he took a shower" ¡æ forÀº ÀÌ·± ¿ëµµ·Î ¾²ÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀ½
¹Ù¸¥ ¹®Àå: He was singing while he took a shower.
4. They laughed _____ the movie.
Á¤´ä: during
"±×µéÀº ¿µÈ µµÁß¿¡ ¿ô¾ú´Ù"¶ó´Â ¹®ÀåÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿µÈ´Â ƯÁ¤ »ç°ÇÀ̹ǷÎ, ÀüÄ¡»ç duringÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
❌ "for the movie" ¡æ ¿µÈÀÇ Àüü ½Ã°£ µ¿¾È °è¼Ó ¿ôÀº °Ô ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é ºÎÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿ò
❌ "while the movie" ¡æ µÚ¿¡ ÁÖ¾î+µ¿»ç°¡ ¾øÀ½
¹Ù¸¥ ¹®Àå: They laughed during the movie.
5. I didn¡¯t sleep well _____ the night.
Á¤´ä: during
"¹ã µ¿¾È¿¡ ÀáÀ» Àß ¸ø Àä´Ù"´Â Àǹ̿¡¼ duringÀÌ °¡Àå ÀÚ¿¬½º·´½À´Ï´Ù. ¹ã(night)Àº »ç°ÇÀ̳ª ½Ã°£´ë °³³äÀ̹ǷΠÀûÇÕÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
❌ "for the night" ¡æ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¼÷¹Ú °°Àº Ç¥Çö¿¡ »ç¿ëµÊ (¿¹: book a room for the night)
❌ "while the night" ¡æ ¹®Àå ±¸Á¶»ó Ʋ¸²
¹Ù¸¥ ¹®Àå: I didn¡¯t sleep well during the night.