Can, Could, Be able to Á¤¸®
Can, Could, Be able to´Â ¸ðµÎ ´É·Â(ability), °¡´É¼º(possibility), Çã¶ô(permission) µîÀ» ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¶§ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ °¢°¢ÀÇ ÀÇ¹Ì¿Í »ç¿ë¹ý¿¡ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
1. Can – ÇöÀç ´É·Â, °¡´É¼º, Çã¶ô
¡Ü ÇöÀçÀÇ ´É·Â (Present Ability)
I can swim. (³ª´Â ¼ö¿µÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î.)
She can play the piano. (±×³à´Â ÇǾƳ븦 Ä¥ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î.)
¡Ü °¡´É¼º (Possibility)
It can be very cold in winter. (°Ü¿ï¿¡´Â ¸Å¿ì Ãß¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ¾î.)
Anyone can make mistakes. (´©±¸³ª ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î.)
¡Ü Çã¶ô (Permission)
Can I use your phone? (³»°¡ ³× Æù ½áµµ µÅ?)
You can leave now. (ÀÌÁ¦ °¡µµ µÅ.)
¡Ü ¿äû (Request)
Can you help me? (³ª Á» µµ¿ÍÁÙ·¡?)
--- CanÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ´É·Â, Çã¶ô, ¿äû, °¡´É¼ºÀ» Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
2. Could – °ú°ÅÀÇ ´É·Â, °ø¼ÕÇÑ ¿äû, °¡´É¼º
¡Ü °ú°ÅÀÇ ´É·Â (Past Ability)
When I was young, I could run very fast. (¾î¸± ¶§ ³ª´Â ¸Å¿ì »¡¸® ¶Û ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
She could swim when she was five. (±×³à´Â 5»ì ¶§ ¼ö¿µÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
¡Ü °ø¼ÕÇÑ ¿äû (Polite Request)
Could you help me, please? (µµ¿ÍÁÖ½Ç ¼ö ÀÖ³ª¿ä?)
Could I borrow your book? (Ã¥À» ºô·Áµµ µÉ±î¿ä?)
¡Ü ¾àÇÑ °¡´É¼º (Weak Possibility)
It could rain later. (³ªÁß¿¡ ºñ°¡ ¿Ã ¼öµµ ÀÖ¾î.)
This could be dangerous. (ÀÌ°Ç À§ÇèÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ¾î.)
---- Could´Â "°ú°ÅÀÇ ´É·Â", "°ø¼ÕÇÑ ¿äû", "ºÒÈ®½ÇÇÑ °¡´É¼º"À» Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
3. Be able to – ƯÁ¤ÇÑ »óȲ¿¡¼ÀÇ ´É·Â, °ø½ÄÀûÀΠǥÇö
¡Ü ÇöÀç & ¹Ì·¡ ´É·Â (Present & Future Ability)
I am able to swim across the river. (³ª´Â °À» °Ç³Î ¼ö ÀÖ¾î.)
She will be able to join us later. (±×³à´Â ³ªÁß¿¡ ¿ì¸®¿Í ÇÔ²²ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Å¾ß.)
¡Ü °ú°Å ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ´É·Â (Past Specific Ability)
He was able to escape from the fire. (±×´Â ºÒ¿¡¼ Å»ÃâÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
We were able to find a good restaurant. (¿ì¸®´Â ÁÁÀº ½Ä´çÀ» ãÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
¡Ü °ø½ÄÀû/°Ý½Ä Àִ ǥÇö (Formal Use)
Employees must be able to work under pressure. (Á÷¿øµéÀº ¾Ð¹Ú ¼Ó¿¡¼µµ ÀÏÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
--- Be able to´Â ƯÁ¤ÇÑ »óȲ¿¡¼ÀÇ ´É·Â, ¹Ì·¡ Ç¥Çö, ´õ °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ ¹®Àå¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
4. Can ´ë½Å Be able to¸¦ ½á¾ß ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì
¡Ü ¹Ì·¡ ½ÃÁ¦¿¡¼ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ¶§
I can help you tomorrow. (Ʋ¸²)
I will be able to help you tomorrow. (¿Ã¹Ù¸§)
¡Ü°ú°Å ƯÁ¤ÇÑ »óȲ¿¡¼ÀÇ ´É·ÂÀ» ¸»ÇÒ ¶§
He could escape from the fire. (Ʋ¸² - ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ´É·Âó·³ µé¸²)
He was able to escape from the fire. (¿Ã¹Ù¸§ - ƯÁ¤ÇÑ »ç°Ç)
¡Ü´õ °Ý½Ä ÀÖ´Â ¹®Àå¿¡¼ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ¶§
Employees can work under pressure. (Ʋ¸² - ³Ê¹« ÀϹÝÀû)
Employees must be able to work under pressure. (¿Ã¹Ù¸§ - °ø½ÄÀû)
6. °á·Ð (Key Takeaways)
Can ¡æ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ´É·Â, °¡´É¼º, Çã¶ô, ¿äû (´õ ±¸¾îü)
Could ¡æ °ú°ÅÀÇ ´É·Â, ´õ °ø¼ÕÇÑ ¿äû, °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ³·Àº »óȲ
Be able to ¡æ ƯÁ¤ÇÑ »óȲ¿¡¼ ´É·Â, ¹Ì·¡ Ç¥Çö, °ø½ÄÀû/°Ý½Ä Àִ ǥÇö
½±°Ô ±â¾ïÇÏ´Â ¹ý:
¡°Can¡± = ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ´É·Â
¡°Could¡± = °ú°ÅÀÇ ´É·Â, °ø¼ÕÇÑ Ç¥Çö
¡°Be able to¡± = ƯÁ¤ÇÑ »óȲ¿¡¼ ´É·Â or ¹Ì·¡/°Ý½Ä Ç¥Çö